The Public Safety Research Institute, of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, founded in 2003, conducts public policy research on issues pertaining to crime and public safety. It is a collaborative enterprise whose active members include representatives from area colleges, governmental agencies and community organizations. Since its establishment, it has conducted research for the James Street Improvement District and the East King Improvement District, as well as for the Lancaster City Bureau of Police and the Lancaster Community Safety Coalition. It recently completed a study to measure the recidivism rates of probationers and parolees who are supervised by the Lancaster County Office of Adult Probation. Currently, it is the research partner of the Lancaster Bureau of Police Violence Reduction Initiative.